海温观测资料的三维时空分布和偏度特征研究

摘要

利用包含Argo和WOD05的历史现场观测数据集,分析研究了全球历史海温观测的三维时宅分布特征,并对观测数据的偏度特征进行研究.研究结果表明:1)海温观测数据在全球许多海域(特别是南大洋和北冰洋)较为稀少,大多数观测集中在北欧沿海、北美的东西部沿海和西北太平洋区域以及其他少数区域;北半球观测数据明显多于南半球;2)海温具有明显的非对称性分布特征,其非正态分布和有偏现象是一个全球的普遍现象,且随着海区和深度而变化;非正态分布网格数量在任意给定的深度层次上占总网格数的比率超过80%:3)海温观测在各水平层次总体上具有正偏的特性,但在黑潮、湾流、南极绕极流等区域呈现出负偏的特征;具有正偏分布特征的区域网格数量占全球网格总数的比例随着深度的增加而增加,至600 m时达到75%左右.%Based on Argo and WOD05 observations, the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and the skewness distribution of global temperature observations are studied carefully. The results are shown as follows: 1) ocean temperature data in much of the world's ocean, especially in the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean, are measured sparse and most observations are mainly concentrated in the coast of northern Europe, the west and east coasts of North America, and the Northwestern Pacific Ocean, and a few other areas; the number of observations in the Northern Hemisphere is more than that in the Southern Hemisphere obviously; 2) ocean temperature has obviously asymmetric distribution characteristics, and its nonnormal distribution is a global phenomenon, which varies with region and depth;there are more than 80％ of the total 3° squares number with nonnormal distribution at any given depth; 3) the skewness of the ocean temperature observation frequency histogram is positive at different depths in all, but the skewness is negative in some regions such as Kuroshio current, Gulf stream, Antarctic Circumpolar Current and so on;The number proportion of the positive skewness distributions increased with the depth increased, which even reach 75％ or so at 600 meter.