长江口中华鲟幼鲟栖息地适宜性评价

摘要

对影响长江口中华鲟幼鲟的各种生态因子进行统计,分析整理出其栖息选择的浮游动物、底栖生物、温度和盐度4个关键指标,确定了其阈值和最适范围,采用栖息地适宜性指数法(HSI)进行定量评价.以2004-2010年长江口崇明东滩插网监测的中华鲟幼鱼数据、水质、生物数据进行了适宜性指数法模型的验证,最后结合2006年夏季上海市近岸水体调查数据,运用GIS空间分析的技术手段,对适宜性指数法评价结果进行了分析.结果表明,最适宜栖息地(0.75≤HSI＜1)面积为142 km2,占评价范围的2.2％；适宜(0.5≤HSI＜0.75)面积为1 322 km2,占20.5％；一般适宜(0.25≤HSI＜0.5)面积为2 098 km2,占32.5％；不适宜(0≤HSI＜0.25)面积为2 884 km2,占44.8％.为中华鲟物种保护空缺(GAP)寻找和保护区建设提供参考.%Based on the statistical study of several ecological factors,four habitat characteristics were selected and their ranges of the most suitability were determined, and then quantitative evaluation was carried out by use of habitat suitability index(HSI). Suitability index was verified by the number of Chinese sturgeon, water quality and biological data nearby the tidal net monitoring station in Chongming Dongtan of the Yangtze River Estuary from the year of 2004 to 2010, At last, the data of the coastal water investigation of Shanghai in summer 2006 were evaluated by HSI on geographical information system(GIS). The study results demonstrated that the excellent habitat areas(0.75≤HSI<1 )were 142 km2,the good are as(0.5≤HSI<0.75)were 1 322 km2,the fair ones(0.25≤HSI<0.5)were 2 098 km2 and the poor ones(0≤HSI< 0.25)were 2 884 km2. The results can provide a scientific reference for Chinese sturgeon species conservation and nature reserve construction and management.