考虑波浪辐射应力的潮流泥沙数学模型

摘要

根据海岸河口地区潮流、波浪、泥沙的运动特点及其相互作用机制，考虑了波浪场产生的“波浪辐射应力”和“波流挟沙力”动力要素对潮流场和泥沙运动的影响，在泥沙扩散方程中考虑了紊动水流作用，采用有限元加权集中质量法，建立了考虑波浪作用的潮流泥沙数学模型，并利用锦州港港区的潮流及泥沙资料对模型进行了验证。验证结果表明，潮位吻合良好，流速、流向、含沙量分布基本相似。在此基础上，模拟了工程建设前后，港区附近潮流场和泥沙淤积的变化，分析了泥沙骤淤现象。模拟结果表明，该数学模型能够适用于海岸河口地区潮流、泥沙的模拟，为波浪作用下潮流场和泥沙淤积的预测提供一种新的模拟方法，具有良好的应用前景。%Based on the movement characteristics and interaction mechanism of tidal currents, waves and sediments in coastal and estuarine areas, considering the influence of " wave radiation stress" and " sediment-capacity of wave-current interaction" dynamic factors generated by the wave field on the flow field and sediment movement, and introducing turbulent flow in the sediment diffusion equation, the tidal current and sediment mathematic model was established under the wave actions. The weighting concentration mass on finite units and measured data of Jinzhou Port were employed for the verification of model. Verification results showed that the calculated tidal level was in good agreement with the measured data: flow velocities, flow directions and sediment concentration distribution. On this basis, the changes of flow field and sediment deposition before and after the project were studied, and the sudden silting phenomenon was analyzed. The mathematic model can be applied to simulating and forecasting the flow fields and sediments in coastal and estuarine areas, and it has good application prospect.