深秋季节,由于大陆冷空气活动频繁,热带气旋一般都海上转向或西行或消失,登陆我国的机会较少,1013号台风“鲇鱼”10月23日在福建漳浦六鳌镇登陆,登陆时的风速达38 m/s,是1949年以来登陆福建最晚的台风,也是登陆福建强度最强的秋季台风,登陆时漳浦县沿海气温远远低于其生存的24°C极值.本文利用NOAA系统(美国飓风中心卫星系统)物理量场资料、常规资料及雷达资料,分析1013号“鲇鱼”台风的强度变化特征,着重分析“鲇鱼”台风能在低温区登陆的成因,结果表明:“鲇鱼”台风强度强,在闽南登陆前24 h其强度仍达45 m/s；在高空风垂直切变小、高空强的暖心结构及冷空气已东移入海这些有利其生存条件下,其较明显的螺旋结构的气旋性环流仍然能在低温区登陆.%Because the cold air invads southward frequently during later autumn, the tropical cyclones seldom land on mainland, they generally move westward or disappear over the sea. Typhoon "Megi" landed on Liuao town Zhangpu city, Fujian province on 23 Oct, with maximum wind speed at 38 m/s, which is the latest landing typhoon over Fujian since 1949. It is also the strongest landing typhoon during autumn. The temperature was .significantly lower than the minimum background temperature (24℃). In this study, the NOAA analysis data, routine and radar observational data are used to diagnose the variation of landing typhoon and its maintenance at cold background. The main factors induce to maintenance and landing of typhoon are: the Cat3 intensity 24 hours before landing, weak upper-level wind shear, strong warm core and cold air invading to sea.
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