格点数据是海洋科学资料存储交换的重要形式,资料量的爆炸性增长给数据的存储、传输带来了巨大压力.海洋格点资料与大气格点资料的最大区别在于陆地格点上不存在海洋要素值.本文分析了海洋格点数据的基本特点,综合了行程编码(RLE)和增量编码的特性,设计了海洋格点数据的无损压缩方案.试验表明,该方案具有较高的压缩比,而且在有效精度内是完全无损的,能大幅减少资料的存储空间和传输时间,在海洋和大气科学领域具有很好的应用前景.%Grid data is one of the important forms for the storage and exchange of the oceanological data. The explosive increasing of the data have brought huge pressure for storage and exchange. The biggest difference between the oceanological grid data and the atmospheric grid data is there having no oceanological elements at land grid. The fimdamental features of the oceanological grid data are analyzed. Basing on the nm length encoding (RLE) and increment encoding methods, a new scatheless compression scheme is presented for oceanological grid data. The experimental results show that the new scheme can provide high compression efficiency, and can greatly save storage space and the transmission time. Further more, the compressed data are completely scatheless within available precision. So the new method has good application prospects in the field of ocean and atmosphere sciences.
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