科学评价鱼礁生态效果对后续鱼礁建设具有重要现实意义.从鱼礁生态效果产生原理出发,以鱼礁的自然特征、流场效应、水质与底质、饵料生物、鱼类与大型无脊椎动物5方面作为评价准则,建立了2个评价层次共29个评价指标的指标体系.在查阅文献和分析调查资料基础上,确定了定量评价指标的模糊隶属函数和定性指标的评判依据以作为评价指标的评价标准.运用三标度层次分析法确定了评价指标的权重.对2个代表性资源保护型鱼礁的生态效果进行了评价.评价结果与实际调查情况基本吻合.评价方法可以作为有关鱼礁生态效果评价的依据.%An artificial reef is one or more objects of natural or human origin deployed purposefully on the seafloor to influence physical, biological or socioeconomic processes related to living marine resources. It is especially important for future construction of artificial reefs to make reasonable evaluation on the ecological effect of artificial reefs. Embarked from generating mechanism of the ecological effect, based on the 5 evaluation rules; flow effect, the characteristics of reef, water and sediment quality, feeding organisms, and fish and macro-invertebrates, the evaluation indicator system ( including 29 indicators in 2 levels) was established. On the basis of the references and the investigated data, the fuzzy membership function of the quantitative indicators and the evaluating rules of the qualitative indicators were established as evaluationcriteria. The weight of the evaluating indicators were determined by 3-bid analytic hierarchy process. The paper appraised the ecological effect of 2 representative reefs in East China Sea by the established evaluation system. The results indicated that the evaluation method proposed in this study was basically in good agreement with the social investigation of these artificial reefs, which would be applied to evaluate ecological effect of similar artificial reefs in the future.
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