The source error and the theory of kinematics of the error motion for machine tools were analyzed. Taken a three-axis machine tools as study object, the number arrays of low-order body were used to describe the topological structures which are taken to generalize and refine MBS, and the characteristic matrices were employed to represent the relative positions and gestures between any two bodies in MBS. The comprehensive error mathematical model was established. In the model components of not only the geometric errors but also the thermal errors and cutting force error were covered. It can be for the reference of the error modeling analysis and the error compensation on other types CNC machine tools.%分析了影响机床精度的误差来源及运动副的误差运动学原理.以一台三轴数控机床为研究对象,利用低序体阵列描述多体系统拓扑结构,用特征矩阵表示多体系统中间体的相对位置和姿态,建立误差综合数学模型,模型中不仅包含了几何误差且包含了热误差和切削力误差,可为其他类型的机床误差综合建模及补偿提供参考.
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