运载火箭逃逸系统辅助入轨分析

摘要

运载火箭正常飞行情况，逃逸程序不启动，逃逸系统在预定的时刻直接被抛掉。为了提高逃逸燃料的利用率，可以在原逃逸系统作用时间范围的末端开启逃逸发动机提供辅助推力，提高火箭的入轨性能。基于CZ-2F运载火箭的塔式逃逸系统，建立了辅助入轨优化问题模型；针对优化问题对目标函数全局最优性及求解精度要求高的特点，提出了新的优化策略；对逃逸系统辅助入轨的关键指标———有效载荷增量与速度增量进行了定量分析，验证了方法的有效性。可作为逃逸系统设计以及运载火箭总体设计的参考。%In a normal flight of a manned launch vehicle, the escape system is not activated and is abandoned at a predetermined time, which results in a waste of escape fuel.To improve the utiliza-tion rate of the escape fuel, the escape system could be started at the end of its responsible time in-terval to provide extra thrust for the manned launch vehicle.Based on the escape system of CZ-2 F rocket, the optimization model for ascent assistance was firstly established, and then a new optimiza-tion strategy was proposed to satisfy the requirements on the global optimality and solving accuracy. Finally, quantitative analysis of two key factors, including the payload increment and the velocity in-crement, was given based on the proposed optimization strategy.This study can be used as a refer-ence for the design of the escape system and the overall design of the whole launch vehicle.