我国社会保障评价体系重构、检验与分析

摘要

准确、详细、定量地掌握我国社会保障体系的发展水平和整体运行情况,对于进一步改进和发展我国社会保障体系具有十分重要的作用.本文通过构建社会保障综合评价体系,从“适度”、“公平”、“有效”三个评价维度,共14项指标,对我国现有社会保障体系进行评价,通过因子分析、聚类分析等方法对我国社会保障体系的整体水平和各省份的保障水平分别进行评分.研究结果表明,我国的社会保障体系总体上存在着保障水平“西低东高,内陆低沿海高”的特点,分别从“适度”、“公平”、“有效”三个评价维度来看,在适度水平方面,东部经济发达省份评分位居前列,而西南、西北地区则普遍较低;公平程度方面中西部地区的评分则反超东部地区,西藏地区则在公平程度评分中成为分值最高的省份;而在有效性方面,则呈现出中部、西南等几省份领跑全国的现象.最后本文针对我国社会保障体系运行的实际问题提出具体政策建议.%In this paper we build a comprehensive assessment system of China's social security system,and evaluate the system in the dimensions of "moderateness","fairness",and "effectiveness",which involve a total of fourteen indicators.In our study we scored the social security levels of the country and each of the thirty-one provinces by using the method of "factor analysis" and "cluster analysis".The study finds that the social security level in the east is significantly higher than that in the west,and the social security level in the coastal is significantly higher than that in the inland,but the fairness level of social security system shows exactly the opposite.In the end we propose some policy recommendations aiming at actual problems of China's social security system.