微细铣削加工再生颤振的研究

摘要

微细铣削是利用微铣刀在高转速下加工复杂三维结构的制造技术.再生型颤振能引起刀具的严重磨损,降低零件的加工质量,是微细铣削加工面临的主要挑战之一.铣削加工过程中切削系数和系统动态特性的多变影响颤振稳定性.针对该问题,建立了考虑再生效应的微铣削动态铣削力模型和颤振稳定域解析模型,通过模态试验获得机床-刀具系统的频响函数,综合使用铣削稳定性判据进行数值分析,获得了颤振稳定域解析解.最后进行了颤振稳定性加工实验,验证了建立的颤振系统动力学模型和颤振解析模型的正确性.%Micro milling utilizes the miniature end mill to fabricate complex 3D shapes at high rotational speed.One of the challenges in micro milling process is the regenerative chatter,which resuits in severe tool wear and reduces the qualities of the parts fabricated.The variations in dynamics and cutting coefficients affect the chatter stability.The dynamic milling force model and the chatter stability domain analytical model are constructed,and the machine-tool system frequency response function is obtained through the modal testing.The analytical solution of the chatter stability domain is achieved by numerical analysis with integrated use of milling stability criterions.Finally,the experimental tests are performed to support the proposed model and simulation results.