螺栓球是空间结构行业中连接节点,加工精度差、效率低,严重影响结构件安全.根据45号钢螺栓球的全系列直径10 ～50 mm螺纹孔加工特点,设计专用加工机床,采用球心定位结构和卧式机床布置形式,进行了误差影响因素分析和受力状态下的机床刚性有限元分析,提出了机床构型设计思路.结果表明:使卧式转台和立式转台的轴心交点和螺栓球球心重合,实现球心定位,能够减少设计和加工误差；有限元分析表明立式转台的台面和夹具连接部分为应力集中区,设计中需加强.%Bolt ball is the connection joint of space structure. The low accuracy and poor efficiency affect the structure security seriously. Based on the manufacture features of bolt ball threaded holes with diameter 10-50 mm and 45 steel material, the special machine was developed. The machine was introduced sphere center position structure of bolt ball and horizontal layout construction. The error factors and finite element analysis for machine rigidity were studied and the machine configuration sequence was proposed. The results show that the intersection point of the shaft axes of horizontal and vertical turntables coincides with the sphere center so that the center position can be achieved and the design and machining error can be reduced significantly; the stress concentration zone appears in the joint place of vertical turntable workbench and fixture through finite element analysis and need to be strengthened.
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