滚齿机床振动对齿轮几何精度的影响

摘要

In the hobbing cutting process , with the blade rows cutting in and cutting out , the cutting force increases gradually , then gradually becomes small , a periodic vibration force will be produced between the workpiece and tool , which produces a relative displacement between the blade and workpiece surface , influencing the geometry precision of gears in hobbing .Relationship between the structure vibration of machine tool and machining precision of gear was studied .The theoretic model that the influence of the rela-tive displacement on the geometrical precision of gears was built , the tooth profile error produced by the relative displacement was de-duced quantificationally .By a large number of experiments , the relative displacements between the hob and workpiece surface and the gear tooth profile error were measured online precisely .The new method of tooth profile error subtraction operation was used to analyze and compare two groups of experimental data .Results show that the proposed new method works accurately on data .The experimental data well verify the correctness of the theoretic model built , and error is less than 2%.%滚齿机床切削加工过程中，刀刃成排轮流从切入到切出，切削力由小逐渐变大，再逐渐变小，在工件和刀具之间产生周期性的激振力，使刀刃和工件加工表面产生相对位移，对加工齿轮的几何精度产生影响。研究机床结构振动与被加工齿轮精度的关系，建立滚刀和工件加工表面产生的相对位移对齿轮几何精度影响的理论模型，定量推导出了由此相对位移产生的齿廓误差；通过大量实验，对滚刀和工件加工表面产生相对位移对应的齿轮齿廓误差进行在线精密测量；使用此齿廓误差减法运算新方法，对两组实验数据进行对比分析。结果表明：提出的运算新方法能够准确地处理数据，实验数据很好地验证了建立的理论模型的正确性，误差小于2％。