Background Prosthetic mitral valve replacement is a common surgical treatment of mitral valve disease.Complete video-assisted mitral valve replacement represents the contemporary minimally invasive cardiac surgery in valve disease surgical therapy. In the field of minimally invasive cardiac surgery, the success of the operation is largely depending on surgical incision, it also reflects the surgeon's technique level. Method From February 2010 to February 2013, 80 cases of cardiac patients with mitral valve pathological changes in our department who had received surgical treatment of complete video-assisted mitral valve replacement were recruited, they were divided into two groups according to the surgical incision: midclavicular group(M group,n = 50) and parasternal group(P group, n = 30). The clinical data were recorded including: cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic clamping time, volume of thoracic drainage after operation, ICU tracheal intubation time,postoperative days of hospital stay and time for observing the postoperative complications. The comparison between two groups was performed using t-test analysis. Result Both M Group and P Group had favorable surgical view, there were no emergency situation of redo median sternotomy during initial operative period or intraoperative death, no pericardial tamponade, no infection, and no other serious postoperative complications.Whereas, there were 2 cases of redo operation for stanch bleeding in M Group and 1 case of perivalvular leakage in P Group. Nevertheless, 3 months later, the result of reexamine showed that the perivalvular leakage had vanished. The clinical data was shown as follow(M Group vs. P Group): cardiopulmonary bypass time(90.2 ± 28.7 vs. 87.3 ± 24.5 min, P > 0.05), aortic clamping time(65.2 ± 17.4 vs. 68.6 ± 21.9 min, P > 0.05),1st day volume of thoracic drainage after operation 1(75.8 ± 35.6 vs. 53.2 ± 25.6 mL, P > 0.05), ICU tracheal intubation time(9.6 ± 3.4 vs. 8.4 ± 4.5 hours, P > 0.05), postoperative days of hospital stay(7.3 ± 2.2 vs. 6.9± 3.2 days, P > 0.05). T-test analysis of the data of each groups showed that there were no significant statistically difference. Conclusions Appropriate surgical incisions guarantee a favorable surgical view and the success of the whole process during intraoperative period. In both midclavicular and parasternal approaches, the complete video-assisted mitral valve replacement is able to be accomplished safely and successfully. Due to the current development level of thoracoscopic instruments and equipment, the surgical incision and approach for video-assisted mitral valve replacement are diversified. As a result, diversified surgical incisions can be customized according to the variegated pathological changes of cardiac patients.
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