开花期干旱胁迫对向日葵干物质积累与产量的影响

摘要

Use drought resistant sunflower restorer line (TR5) and drought sensitive sunflower restorer line (SR2) to study on dry matter accumulation and yield.To investigate the response of different drought resistant sunflower restorers to drought stress at flowering stage.The results showed that:In the drought stress,the grain yield,biomass and harvest index of the different sunflower restorer lines were decreased,the grain filling was not sufficient and the effective grain number was decreased.The yield and its related traits of drought resistant restorer line TR5 were relatively less affected by drought at flowering stage.Drought stress during flowering did not shorten or prolong the duration of dry matter accumulation and reach the maximum accumulation rate.However,the drought stress at flowering stage seriously affected the average accumulation rate and maximum accumulation rate of dry matter accumulation.SR2 had more effect on drought stress than that of TR5 at dry matter accumulation rate.Drought stress at flowering stage shortened the duration of filling stage and reduced the average rate of grain filling,so that the maximum grain filling rate was reduced.The response of different drought-resistant sunflower restorer lines to drought stress was different,and the drought-resistant restorer line TR5 was less affected than drought-sensitive restorer line SR2.TR5 can achieve a higher grain filling rate in the early stages of filling and still maintain a relatively long filling time under drought conditions.%以抗旱型向日葵恢复系(TR5)和干旱敏感型向日葵恢复系(SR2)为材料,在开花期干旱胁迫条件下对其干物质积累与产量进行比较分析,探讨不同抗旱型向日葵恢复系对开花期干旱胁迫响应的差异.试验结果表明:开花期干旱胁迫,使不同抗旱型向日葵恢复系单株籽粒产量、生物量和收获指数降低,籽粒灌浆不充实,有效的结实粒数减少.抗旱型恢复系材料TR5的产量及其相关性状受开花期干旱影响的程度相对较小.开花期干旱胁迫没有缩短或延长干物质积累持续时间和到达最大积累速率时间.但开花期干旱胁迫严重的影响了干物质积累的平均积累速率和最大积累速率,并且不同抗旱型向日葵材料对开花期的反应不同,SR2在干物积累速率上受开花期干旱影响大于TR5.开花期干旱胁迫缩短了灌浆持续时间,降低了灌浆平均速率,使达到最大灌浆速率时间提前,降低了最大灌浆速率.不同抗旱型向日葵恢复系籽粒积累过程对开花期干旱胁迫响应存在差异,总体来说抗旱型恢复系TR5受影响小于干旱敏感型恢复系SR2.TR5在灌浆前期就能达到较高的灌浆速率,并且在干旱条件下仍能保持相对较长的灌浆时间.