为了研究车身覆盖件3维激光切割的工艺技术特性,采用3维5轴联动激光切割装备以及自动编程软件PEPS Pentacut分析了车身覆盖件3维激光切割的特殊工艺,提出了切割过程中特殊工艺的处理方法并通过切割试验进行了验证.结果表明,在实际的3维激光切割过程中,针对碰撞问题,通过添加工艺点,调整切割头方向,使其偏离法线方向一个角度便可消除；针对过烧缺陷,通过修改工艺点法线的方向和密集程度、采用脉冲激光或采用空气作为辅助气体等措施可以有效避免；针对变形难题,通过均布夹钳或修改程序等方法可有效解决.兼顾切割质量和效率,应在穿孔、上下坡及转角的轨迹段采用脉冲激光,在平缓轨迹段采用连续激光.采用3维激光切割技术取代传统工艺的修边模和冲孔模进行车身覆盖件的加工,可以大幅度地降低成本,缩短新车型的研发周期,具有良好的经济价值和应用前景.%In order to study the characteristics of 3-D laser cutting technology of auto-body panels, the 3-D five-axis laser cutting equipment and automatic programming software PEPS Pentacut were adopted. The special process technology of 3-D laser cutting auto body panels was analyzed, and the approaches to special processes in cutting process were proposed and were verified by experiment. The results show that in the actual 3-D laser cutting process, the collision can be escaped by adding the processing points, adjust the direction of the cutting head to offset from the normal direction; the over-burnt defect can be avoided by modifying the normal direction and intensive level of processing points, using pulsed laser or adopting air as auxiliary gas and other measures; the deformation problem can by effectively resolved by clamping or modifying the program. Taking into account the cutting quality and efficiency, a pulse laser should be adopted in the trajectory of perforated, uphill, downhill and corner; however, in the flat track a continuous wave laser should be used. The 3-D laser cutting technology for cutting auto-body panels can replace the trimming die and piercing die of traditional manufacturing technique, reduce the production cost of vehicle and shorten the manufacturing cycle in large scale. So it has great economic value and application prospect.
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