激光主动侦察作用距离的研究

摘要

Active laser detection based on cat-eye effect is a key technique in the photoelectric field. This technique combines the laser technique, image sensing technology and information processing technology on weak signals. There are many parameters that affect the active laser detection. The detection distance is one of the most important. Based on the retro-reflection power of the cat-eye system, several factors including the peak power of the transmit laser, the divergent angle of transmitting laser beam, atmospheric visibility, sensitivity of the detectors and the defocusing were analyzed to provide the mathematical model of the maximum detection distance. The results show that the following methods can increase the detection distance: decreasing the laser divergent angle, improving the sensitivity of the detection, choosing different laser lights according to different weather. The result is helpful to system design or measurement of active laser detection.%基于猫眼效应的激光主动侦察技术有效地结合了激光技术、成像传感技术和微弱目标的信息处理技术,可实现对远距离微弱目标的主动探测和识别,是光电对抗领域的一项重要技术,其中作用距离是侦察系统的主要参量之一.为了评估激光主动侦察系统的作用距离,以猫眼目标的光学窗口所反射的激光回波功率为基础,分析了影响作用距离的因素,建立了最大作用距离的数学物理模型,数值模拟了发射激光峰值功率、发射激光束散角、大气能见度、探测器灵敏度以及等效反射面离焦量对最大作用距离的影响.结果表明,通过减小发射激光束散角,提高探测器灵敏度可以有效提高系统的作用距离;为满足不同情况的天气需求,可选择不同波长的激光光源.这一结果可用于指导激光主动侦察的系统设计或者作为衡量系统性能的标准.