On the basis of the actual input and output data of 239 plots of 152 Camellia oleifera growers during 2007-2009 and the afforestation years, the paper analyzed the structure of afforestation costs, input-output differences and the economic feasibility of Camellia oleifera fields with different scales and operating purposes. It also used the net present value method to analyze the comparative income of Cunninghamia lanceola-ta, Phyllostachys edulis and other competitive species. The results indicated that at the current operating level, the scale effect of Camellia oleifera operations was significant; Camellia oleifera plots for market had higher economic benefit than those for own consumption. The own consumption of Camellia oleifera to some extent made up for the low economic benefits; the comparative income of Camellia oleifera was relatively low, so the fanners' decision-making was economically rational.%以福建省152个油茶Camellia oleifera栽植户239个油茶地块2007-2009年和造林年的实际投入产出数据为基础,对不同经营规模以及不同经营目的的油茶造林成本构成、投入产出差异及经济可行性进行了分析,并用净现值法分析了杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata,毛竹Phyllostachys edulis等竞争性树种的比较收益.结果得出:现有经营水平下,油茶经营规模效益明显；以销售为目的的油茶地块经济效益高于自用为目的的地块,茶油自用效应一定程度上弥补了经济效益;油茶比较收益较低,农户经营决策经济理性.
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