Most historical records of disasters in Yunnan in ancient times were mainly about natural disasters like earthquakes,floods,droughts,and diseases.Since the Yuan and the Ming dynasty with the development of mining and mountain agriculture,there were more disasters and their records like debris flow,landslip,landslide,collapse,cryogenic freezing,frost,snow,fire,and wind.The char-acteristics of these disaster records are generally simple,brief in ancient times and detailed nowadays. They also reveal some ethnic,regional and political features.There were more records about natural disasters before the Ming dynasty.Since the Ming dynasty,there were both natural disasters and en-vironmental disasters.Since the 20 th century,there have been more environmental disasters with their chain characteristics,whose causes are related to the political system and economic policies.%云南历史上的灾害记录,早期以地震、水旱、疾疫等自然灾害为主。元明以降,随矿冶业及山地农业的发展,灾害频次增加,相关记载逐渐增多,新增泥石流、滑坡、山崩、塌陷等地质灾害,低温冷冻、霜雪、火灾、风灾等也日渐频繁见诸记载。云南灾害记录存在简单、古略今详等普遍性特点,也有边疆政治控制及民族、区域性特点；明以前自然灾害多,明以后自然灾害与环境灾害交互发生,20世纪以后环境灾害频次增加,灾害链特征日益凸显,制度尤其经济政策是环境灾害的诱因。
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