Since the 1970s of the 20th century,the social sciences and humanities of the West have several theoretical transformations and made some breakthroughs in the disciplinary confinement in terms of aesthetics,human geography,iconology and literature.As a result,the “landscape”studies have developed into three branches with a comprehensive knowledge framework,landscape studies, place studies and ecocriticism,which are seemingly independent but in fact are inter-disciplinary and inter-beneficial.Topophilia:A Study of Environmental Perception,Attitudes and Values,Social Formation And Symbolic Landscape,Landscape and Power and Landscape and Memory are the four landmarks and constitute the core concepts of landscape studies.More importantly,they have paved a disciplinary approach to landscape &literature,with a focus on “interpreting culture in terms of landscape and interpreting landscape in terms of culture”.Thus,researches keep going along the academic orientation of landscape-psychology-symbolism-power/medium-memory-identity,and gradu-ally get into the interdisciplinary studies involving the literature of post-colonialism and feminism as well as urban studies.%20世纪70年代以来，西方人文社科学界的几次理论转向，突破了美学、人文地理学、图像学、文学批评等固守或特取的研究对象和范型，使得围绕“风景”所展开的研究逐渐形成庞大的知识谱系，并分蘖出三支貌似独立、但可互相挪用，时与文艺理论互惠的学科：风景学、地方研究和生态批评。风景学的四部著述堪称地标之作———《恋地情结：对环境感知、态度和价值的研究》、《社会构成与象征的风景》、《风景与权力》和《风景与记忆》联合完成了风景研究核心概念体系。更重要的是，在开拓“从风景思考文化，从文化思考风景”研究主路同时，还铺设了一条重要支线———风景与文学。受其启发不断跟进的著述沿着心理—象征—(权力)媒介—记忆—身份认同的纬度推进、回溯或漂移，屡屡借光给或借重于文学案例，遂使这一支线领域成为与后殖民主义文学、女性主义文学、城市文学等交叠竞争的场所。
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