基于腔 QED 的量子纠缠态的制备及应用

摘要

量子纠缠态是一种重要而有用的物理“资源”，在量子计算和量子通信中起着极为重要的作用。在量子通信中，信息的处理离不开量子态及其演化。量子纠缠态是各种量子态中最为重要的一种，它用于检验量子力学的基本原理，也是实现量子通信的重要信道，所以纠缠态的制备和操作就显得特别重要。探讨了腔量子电动力学(腔QED)的理论方案，在给出量子纠缠态的定义和度量的基础上、理论上实现了在共振相互作用腔QED中两原子纠缠态和多原子纠缠态的制备，并简要介绍量子纠缠态在量子信息中的应用。%Quantum entangled state is an important and useful physical “resource”, it plays a very impor-tant role in quantum computation and quantum communication. In the quantum communication, information pro-cessing is dependent on the quantum state and its evolution. In the various kinds of quantum states, quantum en-tangled state is the most important one, it is used to test the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, and it also takes an important role in quantum communication, so the preparation and operation of quantum entangled state became especially important. This article introduced the theoretical method of cavity quantum electrody-namics ( cavity QED) in the first, and then it tells the definition of quantum entangled state and how to measure it, based on it we introduced the specific process of two atoms entangled state and more than two atoms entangled state by the use of cavity QED under resonance interaction. Finally we introduced some important applications of the quantum entangled state in quantum information.