涵洞式鱼道设计现状与展望

摘要

在工程设计和施工时,为减少截流对鱼类生态环境影响,需要考虑特有鱼类洄游通道的要求而设置专门的鱼道.通过对国内外涵洞式鱼道相关资料的收集整理和分析,针对国内外的发展现状,较详细地介绍了涵洞式鱼道的发展过程、鱼道隔板类型和水力特性及其优缺点,分析了涵洞式鱼道的设计方法和要点,包括收集信息、选址、隔板类型和水力计算等,并对国内外鱼道的建设和发展进行了展望.特别是国外在涵洞式鱼道领域的研究方法和成功经验,可为我国在该领域的后续工作提供良好的借鉴.%Special fish migration channels should be set up to reduce the impact on fish eco-environment in engineering design and construction. The authors presented the development, baffle types and hydraulic characteristics of culvert fishway, and described the main points in designing a culvert fishway, including the collection of information, site selection, baffle types and hydraulic calculations, and also prospected the construction and development of fishway in China and abroad. The research methods and successful experiences in foreign countries could provide good reference for our country in the subsequent work.