几种适合在红河州生态混凝土中生长的草本植物对重金属的富集

摘要

In order to determine herbs which can grow well in eco-concrete and can help us to restore environment , we select nine kinds of herbs according to the characters of climate and soil in Honghe prefecture of Yunnan Prov -ince .Then, we plant these herbs using the construction technology of eco-concrete and analyze the concentrations of n heavy metals, including Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Hg and Cd.Experimental results show that: (1) Cynodon dactylon , Vetiveria zizanioides L., Carex‘Evergold’ has the highest ability of enriching Pb , Zn, Hg, and Commelina commu-nis has the highest ability of enriching Cu , Cr, Cd;(2) average concentration coefficient of heavy metal of Com-melina communis is the highest, followed by Bidens pilosa L., Carex ‘Evergold’, Vetiveria zizanioides L., Ophio-pogon bodinieri, Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, Nephrolepiscordifolia( L.) Presl and Canna indica L.In these herbs, average bioconcentration coefficients of heavy metal of Commelina communis, Bidens pilosa L.and Carex‘Evergold’ are all bigger than 1.In comprehensive consideration of the herbs ’ ability of enriching heavy metals and the conditions of growing in eco-concrete, we decide that Commelina communis and Vetiveria zizanioides L.are the most suitable for eco-concrete engineering among the nine kinds of herbs .%为了确定适合在生态混凝土中生长和修复环境的植物种类，根据红河州的气候、土壤特点，初步选择9种草本植物，并采用生态混凝土施工工艺对草本植物进行栽培，同时分析所选植物对重金属Pb，Zn，Cu，Cr，Hg，Cd的富集情况。试验结果表明：①对Pb，Zn，Hg富集最高的植物分别是狗牙根草、香根草、金叶苔草，对Cu，Cr，Cd富集最高的植物是鸭跖草；②重金属平均富集系数最高的是鸭跖草，其余依次为鬼针草、金叶苔草、香根草、沿阶草、梭梭草、狗牙根草、蜈蚣草、美人蕉，其中鸭跖草、鬼针草、金叶苔草的平均富集系数均＞1。结合植物对重金属的富集能力和适合在生态混凝土中生长的情况，综合评定9种植物中鸭跖草、香根草最适合在生态混凝土工程中采用。