京西小窑采空塌陷勘查与监测技术研究

摘要

Due to the disordered and predatory exploitation over the years,the situation of gob and sub-sidence of small colliery in the west of Beijing is complex and difficult to be detected and prevented.Taking the Nangang Village of Mentougou as an example,this paper ascertains the distribution of underground gob area by means of comprehensive geophysical methods,including the electromagnetic induction,high-density resistivity and GPR,combined with GPS,hydrostatic level,deep inclinometer and microseismic technology to conduct real-time monitor.Results show that surface and underground deformation is very small,dynam-ic action is mimic,the deformation is on the slow-residence deformation period,the surface is stable if no large disturber occurs.%针对多年无序掠夺性开采,导致的京西小窑采空的情况复杂、范围难以查清、防范难度和预测性差的问题,以门头沟南港村小窑采煤区为例,借助于大地电磁测深法、高密度电阻率法和探地雷达法的综合物探方法,查明地下采空分布情况,并采用GPS、静力水准仪、深部测斜仪以及微震技术对南港村采空塌陷进行实时监测.研究结果表明:采空塌陷区地表及地下变形均较小,动力作用不甚明显,已处于变形缓慢的残余变形期,无较大扰动下处于稳定可控状态.