不同地区女性乳腺癌患者术后抑郁发生情况及危险因素分析

摘要

Objective To explore the incidence of postoperative depression in females with breast cancer in different areas,and to analyze its risk factors.Methods Two hundred and fifty-six breast cancer patients who underwent breast surgery in the Department of Breast Surgery,the Central Hospital of Hami District and 232 breast cancer patients who underwent breast surgery in the Department of Thoracic Surgery,the No.371 Central Hospital of the People's Liberation Army from April 2010 and April 2015 were chosen.The baseline data of the patients were collected by field investigation or telephone visit.The patients were evaluated by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17 (HAMD-17).If the value is ≥ 17,the depressive disorder was diagnosed.The incidence of postoperative depression in females with breast cancer in different areas and its risk factors were analysed.Results The incidence of postoperative depression in female breast cancer patients in Hami district was 22.66％(58/256),it was significantly higher than that in the Xinxiang district [15.09％ (35/232)] (x2 =4.521,P ＜ 0.05).The age of patients in depression group was significantly lower than that in the non depression group in the two districts(P ＜ 0.05);the ratios of low income patients and being unmarried patients in depression group were significantly more than those in the non depression group in the two districts (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant difference in the occupation,educational background,clinical stage and the time from development of disease to seek medical treatment between the two groups in the two district (P ＜ 0.05).The ratios of low-level education and low income patients in Hami district were significantly higher than those in Xinxiang district(P ＜ 0.05);but there were no statistic difference in age,occupation,marital status,clinical stage,operation method and the time from development of disease to seek medical treatment between the two district(P ＞ 0.05).There were no statistic difference in age,marital status,educational background,income,clinical stage,operation method,and the time from development of disease to seek medical treatment of patients in non depression group between the two district(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Female breast cancer patients have high incidence of postoperative depression.It is related to age,marital status,income and operation method.In addition,the incidence of postoperative depression in Hami district is higher than that in Xinxiang district;this is may related to the economic and educational level.%目的 探讨不同地区女性乳腺癌患者术后抑郁的发生情况,并分析其危险因素.方法 选取2010年4月至2015年4月新疆哈密地区中心医院乳腺外科收治的256例及同期河南省新乡市解放军第371中心医院心胸外科收治的232例乳腺癌术后患者,采用现场、电话回访的方式收集资料,应用17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)测评,以≥17分判断存在抑郁,探讨不同地区女性乳腺癌患者术后抑郁发生率及危险因素.结果 哈密地区女性乳腺癌患者术后抑郁发生率为22.66％ (58/256),显著高于新乡地区的15.09％ (35/232)(x2=4.521,P＜0.05).2地区抑郁组患者年龄低于非抑郁组,低经济收入患者占有率、单身率、根治术后发生抑郁均高于非抑郁组(P＜0.05);2组患者在职业、受教育程度、临床分期、求医时间上差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).哈密地区乳腺癌术后患者低受教育程度占有率、低经济收入占有率高于新乡地区(P＜0.05),而在年龄、职业、婚姻、临床分期、手术方式、求医时间上比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);2地区乳腺癌术后患者非抑郁组在年龄、婚姻、受教育程度、经济收入、临床分期、手术方式、求医时间上比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 女性乳腺癌患者术后抑郁的发生率较高,并与年龄、婚姻、经济收入及手术方式有关,且哈密地区高于新乡地区,这可能与不同地区的受教育程度及经济收入有关.