新疆维吾尔族、哈萨克族气阴两虚2型糖尿病氨基酸代谢谱和预警研究

摘要

目的 研究不同膳食特点且糖尿病发病率不同的维吾尔族、哈萨克族人群血中氨基酸谱,分析两民族血糖异常和证型之间的关系,为新疆地区2型糖尿病的证型和早期预警提供科学依据.方法 将维吾尔族和哈萨克族受试者分为正常组和糖尿病组、气阴两虚组与非气阴两虚组,采血分离其血清,检测各组受试者生化指标并运用AQC柱前衍生高效液相色谱法,利用荧光检测器对血清中游离氨基酸进行分析.结果 与正常组比较,糖尿病组空腹血糖值较高(P＜0.05),而高密度脂蛋白(HDL)较低(P＜0.05),脂肪族氨基酸、生糖氨基酸和生酮氨基酸较高(P＜0.05).与维吾尔族正常组比较,维吾尔族糖尿病组仅空腹血糖值较高(P＜0.05);与哈萨克族正常组比较,哈萨克族糖尿病组空腹血糖值、血清胰岛素、甘油三酯和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)较高(P＜0.05).与维吾尔族正常组比较,哈萨克族正常组空腹血糖值和血清胰岛素较高(P＜0.05),甘油三酯、总胆固醇和VLDL较低(P＜0.05),芳香族氨基酸、杂环族氨基酸、杂环亚氨基酸和生糖氨基酸较高(P＜0.05),含硫氨基酸低(P＜0.05);哈萨克族糖尿病组空腹血糖值、血清胰岛素、甘油三酯和杂环族氨基酸较维吾尔族糖尿病组高(P＜0.05).维吾尔族和哈萨克族非气阴虚组的空腹血糖高于正常气阴虚组(P＜0.05),糖尿病气阴虚组的空腹血糖和血清胰岛素高于糖尿病非气阴虚组(P＜0.05),糖尿病气阴虚组的空腹血糖、血清胰岛素、甘油三酯、总胆固醇和VLDL高于正常气阴虚组(P＜0.05),但HDL低(P＜0.05);氨基酸谱差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 糖尿病患者与正常人比较,除血生化指标有差异外,氨基酸代谢谱也有明显差异,为2型糖尿病早期预警和气阴虚证侯提供了实验依据.%Objective To study the amino acid metabolic spectrum of the different dietary characteristics and the incidence of type 2 diabetic mellitus (DM) with Qi Yin deficiency of Uyghur and Kazak in Xinjiang,to analyze the relationship between them and the different ethnic groups blood glucose abnormalities and the syndrome types with multivariate statistics.For the syndrome types of type 2 DM in Xinjiang and provide a scientific basis for early warning.Methods Uyghur and Kazak subjects were divided into normal group and diabetes group,Qi Yin deficiency group and non-Qi Yin deficiency group,separating serum to detect biochemical indexes,and using the pre-AQC column derivative HPLC method and fluorescence detector to analyze serum free amino acid.Results Compared with the normal group,the diabetes group had a higher fasting blood glucose level (P ＜0.05),but the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was lower,aliphatic amino acid,glucogenic amino acid and Ketogenic amino acid were higher.In Uyghur,compared with the normal group,the diabetes group only had a higher fasting blood glucose level (P ＜0.05).In Kazak,compared with the normal group,the diabetes group had higher fasting blood glucose level,serum insulin,triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) (P ＜0.05).In the normal group,the fasting blood glucose level and serum insulin were higher in Kazak than in Uyghur (P ＜0.05),and triglycerides,total cholesterol and VLDL were lower (P ＜0.05),aromatic amino acid,heterocyclic amino acids,heterocytic amino acid and glucogenicamino acid were higher (P ＜0.05),and sulphur amino acids was lower (P＜0.05).While in the diabetes group,the fasting blood glucose level,serum insulin,triglycerides and heterocyclic amino acids was higher in Kazak than in Uyghur (P ＜0.05).The normal group in Uyghur and Kazak,compared with Qi Yin deficiency group,non-Qi Yin deficiency group had higher fasting blood glucose level;while the diabetes group in Uyghur and Kazak,compared with Qi Yin deficiency group,non-Qi Yin deficiency group had lower fasting blood glucose level and serum insulin (P ＜0.05).Qi Yin deficiency group of diabetes compared with non-Qi Yin deficiency group of normal had the higher lower fasting blood glucose level,serum insulin,triglycerides,total cholesterol and VLDL were higher (P ＜0.05),but HDL was lower (P ＜0.05),which the amino acid metabolic spectrum had no significance difference.Conclusion Blood biochemical indicators and the amino acid metabolic spectrum were different between the normal group and the diabetes group,which will provide experimental basis for the early warning of type 2 diabetes and experimental base for Qi Yin deficiency syndrome.