50份新疆狗牙根种质种子繁殖表型特征的研究

摘要

In order to understand the ability of producing seed and to select high seed yield germplasm, nine external reproductive characteristics of 50 Cynodon dactylon germplasm originated from Xinjiang dif-ferent ecological condition were studied.The results indicated that there were significant differences in in-florescence number,inflorescence length,spikelet number,mature spikelet number,rachis length,spikelet length,spikelet with,seed setting rate,one-hundred grain weight among 50 C.dactylon accessions,and in sequence was 4.37-6.87 inflorescences/fertile tiller,4.07-6.86 cm,35.77-63.53 grains/inflorescence, 32.60-58.00 grains/inflorescence;9.55-14.98 cm,2.23-2.77 mm,0.75-1.33 mm,86.70%-97.90%, 34.94-57.08 mg.The variation coefficient of C.dactylon inflorescence length,mature spikelet number, spikelet number were higher than 12.00%,and spikelet length,seed setting rate were stable,lower than 5.00%.There were significant correlation in propagation characters of different C.dactylon,and the rachis length was positively correlated with inflorescence length,spikelet number,mature spikelet number and seed setting rate.By the clustering analysis of nine external reproductive characteristics,the accessions clustered into two maj or types,high seed setting type and low seed setting type.%为了解新疆狗牙根种质的结实差异及筛选高结实型的狗牙根种质，对来自新疆不同生境条件下的50份狗牙根种质材料的9个表型生殖性状特征及遗传变异进行分析。结果表明，不同生态条件下新疆狗牙根种质间花序数、花序长、小穗数、成熟小穗数、花序轴长、小穗长、小穗宽、结实率、百粒重差异极显著(P <0.01)，依次为4.37~6.87个/生殖枝、4.07~6.86 cm、35.77~63.53粒/花序、32.60~58.00粒/花序、9.55~14.98 cm、2.23~2.77 mm、0.75~1.33 mm、86.70%~97.90%、34.94~57.08 mg；花序长、成熟小穗数、小穗数变异系数较大，均高于12.00%，而小穗长、结实率相对稳定，变异系数均小于5.00%；不同种源狗牙根种子繁殖性状间存在显著相关性(P <0.05)，且花序轴愈长，其花序愈长、小穗数与成熟小穗数愈多，结实率就愈高；通过聚类分析可将50份狗牙根种质分为2大类群，即高结实型、低结实型。