四川方言“啥子”与“啥子+N”探析

摘要

“啥子”与“啥子+N”高频率出现在四川方言口语中，但关于“啥”字的读音，各类工具书说法不一。在四川方言中一般用“啥子”、“啥子东西”，表示问物；用“啥子”、“啥子事”，表示问事，三者同时存在，同中有异，异中有同。本文从共时的角度出发，基于方言口语语料与方言文本语料，对“啥子”和“啥子+N”进行考察，充分描写它们在语义表达，句法功能等方面的异同。%The phrases“Sa Zi”and“Sa Zi + N”are frequently used in colloquial language of the Sichuan dialect. However, as for the pronunciation of the character“Sa”, its Chinese phonetic versions vary from book to book. In the Sichuan dialect, phrases like“Sa Zi”,“Sa Zi Dong Xi”are generally adopted for asking objects and“Sa Zi”,“Sa Zi Shi”can pose questions on events. These three structure forms exist simultaneously, embodying common ground and reserving differences at the same time. This thesis, based on dialectical colloquial speech corpus as well as dialectical textual form corpus, conducts a research between the phrases“Sa Zi”and“Sa Zi + N”to fully investigate both similarities and differences in semantic expression and syntactic functions from the perspectives of synchronic linguistics.