衰老会导致老年人心血管系统结构和功能的改变，心肌细胞减少和间质细胞的增多会导致左心室功能损伤，运动能力下降。体育锻炼对于改善老年人心血管功能和运动能力具有一定的正性作用。本文对目前运动对增龄性运动能力下降的益处，对心衰等疾病的改善作用，以及相应的运动计划进行了研究综述，以期安全有效的利用运动来改善老年人的心血管功能和运动能力下降。%Progressive aging induces several structural and functional alterations in the cardiovascular system, among whom particularly important area reduces number of myocardial cells and increases interstitial collagen fibers, which results in impaired left ventricular diastolic function. Even in the absence of cardiovascular disease, aging is strongly associated to an age-related reduced maximal aerobic capacity. Physical activity appears in general to have appositive effect on several health outcomes in the elderly. This review aims to illustrate the beneficial effects of exercise on the physiologic decline of cardiovascular performance occurring with age. Furthermore, it will be stressed also the positive effect of physical activity in elderly patients affected by cardiovascular diseases and multiple co-morbidities which may be significantly worse prognosis in this high risk population.
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