施工期剪力墙结构可变荷载的调查统计分析

摘要

近三年对西安市5个在建剪力墙结构的施工期可变荷载进行了调查,采用不同统计分析方法对调查结果进行了统计分析,研究了施工期可变荷载随施工过程的变化规律,分析了统计分析方法、建筑布局及施工单位等因素对施工期可变荷载的影响,给出了剪力墙结构各施工阶段施工期可变荷载标准值的建议值,并与相关研究成果进行了对比分析.研究结果表明:各工程施工期可变荷载的调查结果均服从极值Ⅰ型分布或指数分布;不同工程的施工期可变荷载随施工过程的变化规律基本相同,最大值出现在绑扎钢筋或拆支撑这两个阶段,最小值多出现在浇筑混凝土阶段;统计样本单元划分越细,得到的可变荷载标准值越大;工作面材料堆放越集中,不同统计分析方法得到的荷载标准值差异越大;随户内面积的增大,竖向构件施工阶段的施工期可变荷载值增大,水平构件施工阶段施工期可变荷载标准值先增大后减小;不同施工单位混凝土浇筑阶段的可变荷载值差异不大,其它施工阶段的差异较明显;将一个施工周期划分为竖向构件施工、搭支撑、水平构件施工及拆支撑四个施工阶段,各阶段施工期可变荷载标准值的建议取值分别为1.894 kN/m2、1.653 kN/m2、1.295 kN/m2、1.891 kN/m2.%In past three years,variable loads of five shear wall structures during construction were investigated in Xi'an.Different statistical methods were conducted to analyse the survey results,and the change regularity of variable loads with the construction process were studied.The impact of statistical methods,building layout and construction companycon variable loads during construction was analyzed.Recommended values of variable loads standard value during the construction were given,and its were compared with other results.The results show that the investigation results of the variable loads during the construction are in accordance with extreme value I distribution or exponential distribution.Different project's variable loads during construction has the same change regularity,the maximum load appears in steel bar binding or support demolition phase,the minimum load appears in concrete pouring stage.The smaller the statistical samples are divided,the greater the value of variable load is.The more concentrated the materials stacked,the greater the difference among the standard values obtained by different methods is.With the building area increase,the variable loads of building vertical component phase are greater,and the variable loads of building horizontal component phase increase first and then decrease.The construction company has little effect on the variable loads in concrete pouring stage,but the effect on other stages is obvious.A construction cycleare divided into four stages as vertical component construction,support building,horizontal component construction and support demolition,the recommended values of the variable loads during construction at each stage are 1.894 kN/m2,1.653 kN/m2,1.295 kN/m2,1.891 kN/m2.