讨论碱处理对不同含量木棉纱线结构和性能的影响.观测碱处理后不同含量木棉纱线的红外光谱、结晶结构、失重率、毛效、回潮率、染色及其物理机械性能的变化.实验结果表明,在适当的碱浓度条件下,碱煮后,随木棉纤维含量的增大,纱线的失重率、毛效依次显著增大、断裂强力增幅小.碱丝光处理后,对含木棉纤维纱线的纤维素的化学组成无明显的影响,但引起结晶度的减小,破坏了纤维的结晶结构,使部分纤维素I转化成纤维素Ⅱ,并随木棉纤维含量的增大.断裂强度增大和断裂伸长减小的幅度逐渐降低,纱线的吸湿性能明显增大.木棉含量愈高,混纺纱上染率愈低.表观色泽浅,色差较大.通过不同碱丝光处理工艺对比,木棉纤维对碱的耐受性较棉差,若用碱对木棉纤维进行染整处理,条件要较棉温和.%To investigate the influence of alkali treatment with different mass concentrations of NaOH on structure and properties of blended yarns with various kapok fiber content, FHR spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), weight loss analysis, capillary rise height, exhaustion and mechanical properties of yarns were observed before and after alkali treatment. The results showed that after scouring process, the weight loss and capillary effect significantly increased but breaking strength less increased with increasing kapok fiber content; after alkali mercerization process, without any apparent change of cellulosic chemical compositions, mereerization treatment led to lower degree of crystallinity for blended yarns by destroying crystalline structure and finally parts of cellulose Ⅰ were transformed into cellulose Ⅱ. Meanwhile, as the content of kapok fiber increased, the hygroscopicity of yarns significantly improved while the increased value of breaking strength was less. However, the higher kapok fiber content, the lower dye exhaustion and light color together with negative chromatism. In contrast to different alkali treatment processes, it could be found that kapok fiber had rather poor alkali resistance than cotton fiber. Therefore, relatively mild alkali treatment conditions for kapok fiber must he necessary in dyeing and finishing processes.
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