Objective To study the relationship between menstrual disorder and ovarian morphology of adolescent women in order to provide basis for diagnosis of adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods We analyzed the clinical data of 212 patients with adolescent menstrual disorders 2 years after menstruation collected from the Department of Gynecology and Women's Health of First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between September 2014 and September 2015.Results ① Oligomenorrhea was the most common in the 212 adolescent women (33.96 ％),followed by amenorrhea (16.51％).There was a significant difference in F-G score and acne score among patients with different types of menstrual disorder (F=1.39,1.77,all P＜0.05),the highest in those with oligomenorrhea.② The volume of the ovary,number of sinusoidal follicles,maximum area of the ovary in women with oligomenorrhea were significantly higher than those in non-oligomenorrhea women (t =2.89,5.76,6.23,all P＜ 0.05).③ Clinical manifestations differed significantly among normal ovarian group,MFO group and PCO group (x2=43.25,P＜0.05).Incidence rate of oligomenorrhea ranked the top in polycystic ovary group (49.30％),followed by multiple ovarian follicles group (42.59％),and there were significant differences in blood LH,T,and LH/FSH (F=3.45,2.43,2.76,all P＜0.05) was found in PCO group.There was significant difference in diagnosis of puberty PCOS (x2=26.58,P＜0.05).④ Among these 212 adolescent women,45 ones had puberty PCOS (21.23％).The ovary volume,number of sinus follicles,and the largest area in the obese patients were significantly higher than those in non-obese group (t =3.42,7.89,4.02,all P＜0.05);HOMA IR was also significantly higher than that in non-obese group (t =8.89,10.62,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Oligomenorrhea is the most common menstrual disorder in adolescent women.Ovarian morphological abnormalities occur in most women with oligomenorrhea and obesity,who should be followed up regularly.%目的 研究青春期女性月经失调与卵巢形态学的关系,为青春期多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的诊断提供参考.方法 收集2014年9月至2015年9月于西安交通大学第一附属医院妇科门诊和妇女保健门诊就诊的、初潮2年后青春期月经失调212例患者的临床资料并进行分析.结果 212例月经失调患者中,以月经稀发最为常见(33.96％),其次为闭经(16.51％);不同类型月经失调患者F-G评分及痤疮评分差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为1.39、1.77,P均＜0.05),以月经稀发患者的评分最高;月经稀发患者卵巢体积、窦状卵泡数目、卵巢最大面积均显著高于非月经稀发组(t值分别为2.89、5.76、6.23,P均＜0.05);正常卵巢组、多滤泡卵巢组、多囊卵巢组的临床表现差异有统计学意义(x2=43.25,P＜0.05);多囊卵巢组月经稀发的发病率最高(49.30％),其次为多滤泡卵巢组(42.59％);血黄体生成素(LH)、睾酮(T)、LH/血清卵泡刺激素(LH/FSH)差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为3.45、2.43、2.76,P均＜0.05),且多囊卵巢组均为最高;3组中诊断为青春期PCOS的病例数差异有统计学意义(x2=26.58,P＜0.05),同样多囊卵巢组最高,但多滤泡卵巢组也有12例确诊为青春期PCOS(22.22％);212例青春期月经失调患者中共诊断青春期PCOS者45例(21.23％),根据患者体质量指数(BMI)分为肥胖组和非肥胖组,肥胖患者卵巢体积、窦状卵泡数目、卵巢最大面积均显著高于非肥胖者(t值分别为3.42、7.89、4.02,P均＜0.05),且空腹和2h稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA IR)均显著升高(t值分别为8.89、10.62,P均＜0.05).结论 月经稀发是青春期月经失调最为常见的类型,月经稀发及肥胖患者多数伴卵巢形态学异常,应定期随访.
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