抗战时期陕甘宁边区新文字冬学运动述论

摘要

In the interaction between the Soviet experience with China’s problems, the Communist Party of China linked the reform of Chinese characters with the popularization of culture, the class revolution and the building of political power, and gave multiple political colors to the reform of Chinese characters. From 1940 to 1943, the Communist Party of China used the organizational strength to promote the development of the Latinized New Writing movement by mass winter-time study movement. Due to the constraints of the economic and political environment in the period of Anti Japanese War, the suspicion of some people on the Latinized New Writing, the problems of Latinized New Writing winter-time study movement and contradictions between Latinized New Writing and culture popularization and nationalization, the Latinized New Writing winter-time study movement in the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region had to be stopped. The CPC’s theoretical thinking and practical exploration of the Latinized New Writing movement had a certain historical influence on the reform of Chinese characters in the early period of the People’s Republic of China.%在苏联经验与中国问题的互动影响中，中国共产党将汉字改革与文化大众化、阶级革命以及政权建设联系在一起，赋予汉字改革多重政治意义。从1940年试办到1943年中断，在短短三年时间内，中国共产党利用组织力量，采用群众性的冬学形式推动了拉丁化新文字运动的开展。但由于抗战后期经济和政治环境的制约，部分民众对新文字的怀疑、新文字冬学本身存在的问题以及新文字与文化大众化和民族化方面产生的种种矛盾等原因，陕甘宁边区的新文字冬学运动不得不中断推行。中国共产党关于拉丁化新文字运动的理论思考和实践探索，对建国初期的文字改革产生了一定的历史影响。