桥梁复合材料防车撞结构的参数灵敏度分析及耐撞性优化

摘要

设计了以纤维增强复合材料和蜂窝形结构形式为基础的桥梁防车撞结构.对结构设计变量进行了灵敏度分析,获得对结构的耐撞特性影响最大的3个设计变量.以灵敏度分析结果中的3个设计变量为试验因子,采用均匀试验设计方法获得了合理的样本空间,并借助非线性数值仿真方法和响应面法得到关于结构设计变量和比吸能、碰撞力的响应面代理模型,通过遗传算法优化出了比较合理的结构尺寸.结果表明,响应面的二次多项式线性回归模型比线性回归模型更准确,优化后的结构尺寸不仅具有优良的耐撞特性,可以满足桥墩设计抗撞力的要求,而且自重减小,从而降低了防撞成本.%Based on the impact dynamics theories, a fiber-reinforced composite plastics material and honeycomb-type structure for bridge-vehicle crash is designed in this paper.Sensitivity analysis method is adopted to determine the significance of the design variables on the structure crashworthiness, and three design variables are chosen as the basis of optimization design.Reasonable sample space is designed by using uniform design experimentation, and then nonlinear numerical simulation method and response surface method are adopted to obtain surrogate models about design variables, specific energy absorption and impact force.With Matlab software and genetic algorithm, more reasonable sizes of the structure are optimized.The results show that the quadratic polynomial regression model is more accurate than the linear regression model, and the optimized structure not only has excellent crashworthiness and meets the pier design requirements, but also reduces the crash costs.