基于耦合火灾影响疏散模拟的密闭舱室火灾风险评价

摘要

密闭舱室内一旦发生火灾,受限于防排烟条件,火灾产物将对人员产生严重的伤害.根据密闭舱室的结构及人员疏散特点,构建了一种耦合火灾影响的精细网格疏散模型,提出了基于该模型的密闭舱室火灾风险评价方法.针对某密闭舱室就餐环境进行了火灾疏散模拟,预测了火灾下人员伤亡数量情况,并进行了火灾风险评价.根据模拟结果与火灾风险评价结果,给出了密闭舱室内的疏散设施优化布置建议.研究表明,所提出的模型与方法有助于验证并提高密闭舱室的安全疏散性能,可作为密闭舱室防火设计的辅助工具.%In the event of a fire in a enclosed cabin, it is subject to smoke and smoke conditions, and the fire product will cause serious injury to the person .According to the structure and the evacuation characteristics of the enclosed cabin, a fine grid evacuation model is proposed, which is based on the model .The fire risk assessment method of the enclosed chamber is pro-posed.A simulation of fire evacuation was carried out for a certain cabin, and the number of casualties was predicted, and the fire risk assessment was carried out .Based on the simulation results and the fire risk assessment results, the optimal arrangement of the evacuation facilities in the enclosed cabin is given .The research shows that the proposed model and method can help to verify and improve the safe evacuation performance of the enclosed cabin, and can be used as an auxiliary tool for the design of fireproof cabin in closed chamber .