目的：研究宫内发育不一致性双胎出生后1年左右婴儿的生长发育，评估发育不一致性双胎远期婴儿的生长发育情况。方法：2012年1月至2013年12月在温州医科大学附属第一医院和附属第二医院出生的宫内发育不一致性双胎34对，出生后1年左右进行体格检查和精神运动发育测定，以出生时的体质量差异分为低出生体质量组和高出生体质量组。结果：低出生体质量组1岁婴儿身高、体质量及头围均低于高出生体质量组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。低出生体质量组的1岁婴儿精神发育指数（MDI）和运动发育指数（PDI）均低于高出生体质量组，2组比较，PDI差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），而MDI差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。低出生体质量组6名（占17.6%）1岁婴儿运动发育迟缓（PDI＜70），明显高于高出生体质量组（1名，占2.9%）运动发育迟缓的发生率（P＜0.05）。多元线性回归分析显示身高、体质量对PDI的影响有显著的统计学意义（F=11.40，P=0.0012；F=6.21，P=0.0153）。结论：发育不一致性双胎出生后的体质量差异将持续性影响至出生后1年婴儿的身高、体质量和头围的体格发育以及运动发育。%Objective: To assess the effect of intrauterine growth on mental and psychomoter development in one-year-old discordant twins infants.Methods: Total of 34 discordant twin pregnancies (68 one-year-old dis-cordant twins infants) with complete delivery records in Obstetrics department of the First and Second Afifliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2012 to December 2013 were followed-up. According to the discordant birthweight, each pair infant was divided into small weight group and large weight group. Weight, length, head circumferences, the mental developmental index (MDI) and psychomotor developmental index (PDI) were measured.Results: Small weight group was lower than that of large group at length, weight and head circumstance (P<0.05); PDI but not MDI was signiifcantly different between two groups (P<0.05). Psychomotor retardation rates (PDI<70) were 17.6% in small weight group while 2.9% in large weight group (P<0.05). Step-wise regression analysis showed that the inlfuence of height and weight of PDI had signiifcant statistical signiif-cance (P<0.05).Conclusion: Intrauterine fetal growth and development leads to twins after birth weight differ-ences, and sustained impact to born after 1 year old children’s height, weight and head circumference of physical growth and psychomotor development.
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