中国内海台风浪传播和演化过程数值模拟

摘要

基于波作用量守恒方程建立我国内海台风浪生成与传播的模型.用谱峰周期来界定涌浪,通过对全区域的典型台风浪过程的模拟计算,分析了内海台风浪时、空分布特征和演化过程.研究表明:台风登陆后,从能量扩散速度判断,应经历能量由高频向低频转化的过程(易形成长周期波浪),均可传播到渤海海域.生成长周期波浪后,波能衰减速度显著减慢,长周期波浪可在我国北方海域生存2d以上.涌浪在台风登陆之后的传播速度很快,为50～60 km/h,涌浪传播速度在我国内海可以达到台风中心运动速度的2倍左右.%on the spectral wave model,a typhoon wave simulation aiming on China's internal sea was set up.Swell waves were defined by Tp.Typical typhoon waves among the whole internal sea were simulated in this paper,and the propagation and development of typhoon waves were also analyzed. The results show that typhoon wave energy transfers from high frequency areas to low frequency areas after the landing of typhoon.All of the waves can spread to the Bohai Sea.After the generation of long waves,the attenuation becomes slow.Long waves can survive in the northern part of the sea for over 2 days.The propagation speed of the long waves is pretty high at about 50～60 km/h, which is twice the speed of typhoon center.