一种基于圆型基阵的声信标探测仪的设计与研究

摘要

马航MH370事件暴露出我国的海上搜救能力与国外先进技术相比存在巨大差距.为切实提高我国海上应急处置能力,加快深海探测技术与探测设备的推进进程,在分析国内外声信标搜寻定位的相关技术现状基础上,提出了一种基于圆型基阵的黑匣子声信标探测仪的设计思路.依照3 km的探测距离需求设计了64元的圆型接收换能器基阵,对其在黑匣子声信标信号搜寻具体应用中的关键性能指标进行仿真,并分别从系统框架设计、模拟信号处理设计、数字信号处理设计和控制与导航软件功能设计等四个方面分析了该系统的处理流程和应用方法.研究证明该设计拥有探测距离远、方向分辨力高、使用相对灵活的特点,具有重要的工程应用价值.%Malaysia Airlines MH370 incident exposed China′s maritime search and rescue capabilities,there is a huge gap compared with foreign countries.In order to improve the ability of China′s maritime emergency disposal,speeding up the exploration of deep-sea technology and equipment, a design idea of black box detector was proposed based on circular array by analysis of related technical methods about acoustic beacon searching and positioning.In accordance with the requirements of 3 km detection range,the circular receiving transducer array with 64 elements was designed, and the key performance indicators of the specific application in the black box acoustic beacon signal searching were simulated.The process flow and application method of this system were analyzed separately from the system framework design,analog signal processing, digital signal processing,control and navigation software design.The research proves that the design idea has a long detection distance, a high resolution direction,a relatively flexible usage,so it has important application value in engineering.