混有空气的孔隙式粘滞流体阻尼器模型及性能研究

摘要

Orifice-type viscous dampers exhibit a hysteresis behavior which is explained by additional stiffness. When the throttled fluid is mixed with air,its efficiency and additional stiffness will be changed.To study the dynamic characteristics of the damper mixed with air,the nonlinear damping force and nonlinear elactic restoring force in a serial connection model were calculated.Then an equivalent linear damping and linear stiffness were derived to established a linear parallel connection model which is convenient in practical applications.The efficiency and additional stiffness of dampers mixed with air at different frequencies and under different amplitudes were discussed.The experimental results of viscous dampers imply the method and model are both correct.%孔隙式粘滞流体阻尼器除了阻尼力外还有附加刚度特性。在混有空气的情况下，流体阻尼器效能会发生改变，对附加刚度有显著影响。为了研究并预测混有空气的流体阻尼器的动态特性，从混有空气的流体非线性阻尼力和非线性弹性力串联模型出发，通过分析计算非线性阻尼器的等效线性阻尼和弹性，建立了便于工程实际应用的流体阻尼器线性并联模型，分析了混有空气的流体阻尼器在不同频率和位移工况下效能和附加刚度的变化。通过对孔隙式粘滞流体阻尼器的动态特性试验，验证了分析方法和等效线性模型的正确性。