基于磁流变装置的高速电主轴动态加载系统研究

摘要

To effectively predict the life of a high speed motorized spindle and assess its precision retaining ability, dynamic loading tests should be done for the spindle with high speed.Due to the motorized spindle with high speed, loading tests are very hard to carry out. Here, dynamic loading tests for the spindle were proposed using magnetorheological fluid (MRF).The structure and loading principle of the loading system were described.Through electromagnetic simulations and tests,the current versus torque rule and the current versus time rule were obtained.The shear stress model of MRF under high speed was studied and the original formula was modified.The theoretical calculations and test results indicated that the proposed model is capable of accurately predicting the torque;the viscosity and shear yield stress of MRF vary with speed and current.The correctness and feasibility of this loading system were verified,and a new method for the dynamic loading tests of high speed motorized spindles was proposed.%为有效预测高速电主轴的寿命并评价其精度保持性，需要对高速状态下的电主轴进行动态加载测试。应用磁流变液对电主轴进行动态加载并进行加载性能测试。介绍该加载系统的构成与原理，并通过电磁仿真与实验，获取力矩－电流、力矩－时间变化规律，探讨高速下磁流变液的剪切模型，并对原始公式予以修正。理论计算与实验结果表明修正模型及分析流程具有一定精度，说明磁流变液的粘度和剪切屈服应力会随转速、电流的改变而变化，也验证该加载系统的正确性和可行性，为高速电主轴的动态加载性能研究提出了一种全新的方法。