开洞高层建筑风荷载的试验研究

摘要

Wind pressure measurements of tall buildings with openings were carried out in a boundary layer wind tunnel.Based on the test results,the influence of openings on wind loads of tall buildings was investigated.The results indicateed that openings can reduce the base wind loads on buildings;the reduction of along-wind mean base shear for opening on upper part is very close to that for opening on lower part;but opening on upper part is more favorable for decreasing the along-wind mean base moment and the across-wind RMS base moment;empirical formulas for calculating the relative values of the along-wind mean base moment coefficient and the across-wind RMS base moment coefficient are obtained with the fitting method;the distributions of wind force at each floor of tall buildings with openings are quite different to those without opening,this should receive special attention in wind-resist design of tall buildings with openings.%对开洞高层建筑刚性模型进行了风洞测压试验，基于试验结果，研究了设置洞口对高层建筑风荷载的影响。结果表明：立面开洞后，基底风荷载减小；单设上洞口和单设下洞口对减小顺风向平均基底剪力的效果比较接近，但上部开洞对减小顺风向平均基底弯矩和横风向根方差基底弯矩更为有利；拟合得到了顺风向平均基底弯矩系数和横风向根方差基底弯矩系数的相对值随开洞率变化的计算公式。设置洞口后，层风力的分布规律与未开洞时有很大差异，在抗风设计时应引起重视。