单激励纵扭复合超声铣削系统研究

摘要

针对切削、焊接过程中超声复合振动能获得较高加工质量、效率及有助于延长刀具使用寿命，研究分析纵扭复合超声铣削系统运动特性及切削轨迹特征；基于斜梁振动原理，提出加工工艺简单、制造成本低的斜梁式超声变幅杆，并利用有限元软件ANSYS进行结构动力学分析，证实通过单向激励可产生纵扭复合振动；应用研制的纵扭复合超声振动铣削系统对碳纤维复合材料进行切削试验，获得较好加工效果，从而验证理论分析与数值模拟结果的正确性。%Ultrasonic composite vibration can not only improve machining quality and efficiency in cutting and welding processes,but also extend the service life of cutters.Here,the dynamic characteristics and cutting trajectory features of a longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic milling system were analyzed.Then,based on the vibration theory of an oblique beam,an ultrasonic horn with oblique beams having simple processing technique and low manufacturing cost was proposed.Meanwhile,through strucutral dynamic analysis of the ultrasonic born with FEA software ANSYS,it was shown that a longitudinal-torsional composite vibration of the horn could be excited with a single longitudinal excitation. Finally,carbon-fiber composites were processed with a longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic milling system.The results showed that longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration can improve the milling effect,and the correctness of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation is verified.