以土地利用数据为基础,采用地理信息处理软件ArcGIS和景观格局分析软件FRAGSTATS,选取斑状密度、斑块个数、Shannon指数、蔓延度指数、边缘密度、周长-面积分维数、类型分离度等指标,对丹江胡村-商镇断面控制流域土地利用特征、景观空间分布和结构特征进行分析研究.结果 表明: 研究区域内人类活动导致林地、草地景观类型面积减少,逐步转变为耕地景观类型;优势景观类型渐渐从林地(面积比从48.83％减小到31.49％) 变为草地(面积比从24.35％增加至41.73％);在景观级别上,各断面控制流域内同类型斑块逐渐聚集,而形状趋于复杂,不同类型斑块聚集程度及多样性也逐渐增加,且各类型比例较为均一;在类型级别上,人为活动对耕地、建设用地和未利用土地的影响作用较大,其景观类型形状趋向复杂,破碎程度增加,草地景观的斑块表现出聚集的趋势,水域景观的分布杂乱且形状复杂,连通性越来越低.%Based on the land use data, combined ArcGIS with FRAGSTATS software, the characteristics of land use, spatial distribution and structure of landscape in Hucun-Shangzhen section control basin of Danjiang river were researched, and the indices include patch density, number of patch, Shannon's diversity index, contagion, edge density, perimeter-area fractal dimension and splitting index, etc. were used. The results show that the forest and grass land decrease due to human activity, which turns to be farmland. The dominant type of landscape changes from forest (the area ratio changes from 48.83％ to 31.49％) to grassland (the area ratio changes from 24.35％ to 41.73％). At landscape level, the patches with same landscape tend to be agminated and complex. For various patch types, the diversity and aggregate degree turne to be higher with uniform proportion. At class level, the shape of tillage, construction and unused land tend to be complicate and fragmentized due to human activities. The patches of grassland show a agminated and connected trend. For water landscape, the shapes are complex and scattered as a result of worse connectivity.
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