考虑作用力的人群疏散元胞自动机模型研究

摘要

疏散者之间以及疏散者和环境之间的相互作用力，对拥挤状态下的人群疏散动力学具有重要影响。在对现有相关模型进行深入分析总结的基础上，提出了将可重叠多格子元胞结合修正地板场来考虑作用力效应的改进元胞自动机模型。对不同出口宽度和人群密度条件下的人群疏散动力学进行了对比研究。结果表明，在人群疏散的元胞自动机模型中加入人群拥挤受力作用机制，具有必要性；改进模型能更好地模拟人群疏散过程。%　　The forces between evacuees and environment have an critical influence on the evacuation dynamics of crowds. Based on the analysis of current related models, an improved cellular automata model is proposed, which takes into account those forces by adopting both overlappable multi-grid cell and modified floor field. Comparative study of crowd dynamics against exit width and crowd density is carried out for the improved model and the traditional. The results reveal the necessity and rationality of involving crowding forces into the cellular automata model for evacuation simulations. This work is helpful to those researches of crowd dynamics by simulations.