印度洋珊瑚记录的气候和环境变化

摘要

The Indian Ocean is critical for China's economy and climate changes. Coral-based climatic and environmental changes can effectively prolong recorded time series, longer than instrumental records, because reef corals are widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, their aragonite skeletons have an annual banding structure and are suitable for U/Th dating, and their geochemical records are reliable. In this paper, we first introduced the coral reef distribution in the Indian Ocean, and its current status and importance. Then, we reviewed coral-based past climatic and environmental change reconstructions based on four aspects including environmental pollution, paleo-storms, paleo-sea level variation, and climate changes (such as Asian monsoon, rainfall, atmospheric circulation, sea surface temperature, Indian Ocean Dipole, and ocean currents). We ended the paper with a summary and discussion.%印度洋对于我国的政治经济和气候变化都极为重要.造礁珊瑚分布广泛(遍布印度洋和太平洋热带海区)、其文石骨骼具有年轮结构、非常适合U/Th高精度定年,且地球化学指标记录准确可靠.因此,用珊瑚作为记录载体,可有效地将气候和环境变化记录的时间序列延长至器测之前.文章首先介绍了印度洋珊瑚的分布、现状以及重要性等概况;然后从环境污染、古风暴、古海平面和气候变化[包括亚洲季风、降雨和大气环流、海表水温(SST)和IOD(Indian Ocean Dipole,IOD)、洋流]等方面综述了印度洋珊瑚在印度洋气候和环境变化记录中的作用和贡献;最后根据笔者的认识,进行了简单的小结和点评.