Urban rail systems are now the main public transportation means in the major China cities. Capital investment on urban rail infrastructure in the last decade has been enormous and public expectation on service quality is rising significantly in China. It is the critical system performance indicator of a railway system and thus critical to high-quality service provision and full utilization of the infrastructure capacity. This paper reviews the methodologies of formulating overall reliability in urban rail systems and discusses the advantages of developing the notion of system service reliability to translate the engineering-oriented system reliability to customer-oriented service quality indicators. Research works on service reliability to effectively capture service quality in urban rail systems are also suggested.%城市轨道交通是我国大城市公共交通系统的主干.近年来,随着基础设施投资的增加,公众对城市轨道交通服务质量提出了越来越高的要求.可靠性是城市轨道交通系统的重要评价指标,对提高城市轨道交通系统服务质量和设施设备能力利用率至关重要.本文总结了提高城市轨道交通系统可靠性的方法,指出未来该领域的研究将由工程导向的功能可靠性研究拓展至乘客导向的运营服务可靠性研究,论述了研究服务可靠性与功能可靠性关联关系的必要性,并给出了研究城市轨道交通系统服务可靠性的思路.
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