考虑时间价值的路内停车巡航行为建模

摘要

停车者在到达目的地后可能以低速寻找路内停车位,这种巡航行为不仅造成交通拥堵,还增加了能源消耗和环境负担.基于停车者停车选择行为,综合分析停车持续时间、停车后到达目的地的步行时间及停车费用等因素的关系,并且考虑时间价值的影响,建立了路内巡航停车行为模型.模型以停车选择过程的时间价值为基础,定量化描述停车价格对路内停车巡航行为的影响.结果显示,停车价格对调节巡航时间具有杠杆作用,非工作出行的巡航时间要长于工作出行.模型有助于解析影响巡航停车行为的关键决策变量,利用变量间的相关关系实现停车价格的优化调整,从而引导停车选择行为实现路内停车与路外停车的平衡.%Car drivers are inclined to cruising at low speed while finding proper on-street parking space. Such cruising behavior can cause traffic congestion, and increase the energy consumption and pollution emission. With the consideration of parking duration, walking time after parking and parking fee, and considering the time value, a model for analyzing the behavior of cruising for parking is proposed. The time value in parking choice is introduced and the influence of parking fee on parking choice is analyzed quantitatively. The results show that parking fee has leverage effect on cruising behavior while cruising time for non-work based trip is longer than that for work based trip. The model can explore the key variables in the behavior of cruise for parking. The results are helpful to give a better understanding of parking behavior and hoped to balance the parking demand between on-street and off-street parking.