气管插管和喉罩插管在老年股骨颈骨折手术中的麻醉效果分析

摘要

目的：探讨气管插管和喉罩插管两种全麻方式在老年股骨颈骨折手术中的麻醉效果．方法：选取2012－03／2014－03我院收治的股骨颈骨折手术患者56例作为研究对象，随机分为观察组（ n＝28）与对照组（ n＝28），观察组行气管插管麻醉，对照组行喉罩插管麻醉；观察两组患者麻醉有效率，高血压、低血压、心动过缓、缺氧、镇痛效果以及术后不良反应等情况．结果：观察组高血压发生率为0，显著低于对照组的21．43％（P＜0．05）；观察组低血压发生率为14．29％，显著高于对照组的3．57％，（ P＜0．05）；观察组心动过缓和缺氧与对照组比较无明显差异（P＞0．05）；观察组不良反应发生率为7．14％，明显低于对照组的25．00％（P＜0．05）；治疗后观察组的镇痛效果评分为（2．1±0．3）分，明显优于对照组的（4．5±0．4）分（P＜0．05）．结论：气管插管麻醉和喉罩插管麻醉在老年股骨颈骨折手术中均有效，采用气管插管麻醉的方式具有起效快、不良反应少、镇痛效果佳的优点，对于老年患者而言，安全性更高．%AIM: To study the anesthesia effect of senile patients with femur neck fracture operation by endotracheal cannula and laryngeal mask airway. METHODS: A total of 56 patients with femoral neck fracture surgery from March 2012 to March 2014 were selected into the study and were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 28 cases in each group. The observation group was given endotracheal intubation anesthesia, the control group was given laryngeal mask intubation anesthesia,then the anesthesia efficiency,hypertension,hypotension, bradycardia, hypoxia and analgesic effects and postoperative adverse reactions of patients in two groups were observed. RESULTS:The hypertension incidence of the observation group was 0, which was significantly less than 21. 43% of the control group ( P<0.05);The hypotension incidence of observation group was 14. 29%, which was significantly higher than 3. 57% of the control group( P<0.05);There was no significant difference in the bradycardia and lack of oxygen between two groups ( P>0.05);The incidence of adverse reactions was 7. 14% in observation group, which was obviously less than 25. 00% in the control group ( P<0.05); The analgesic effect of observation group after treatment score (2.1-0.3), significantly better than that of control group (4.5-0.4) (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Endotracheal intubation anesthesia and laryngeal mask intubation anesthesia both effect in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture surgery. The method of tracheal intubation anesthesia effects quickly, has less adverse reaction and good analgesia effect for older patients, be of higher security.