研究了气相生长碳纤维(VGCF)的表面功能化处理及其在聚合物中的分散性.通过静电纺丝,制备了不同VGCF含量的聚酰胺6(PA6)纳米纤维毡,并以VGCF/PA6纳米纤维增强聚乳酸(PLA)得到复合材料.研究发现,经过混酸处理的VGCF水溶液,在加入聚合物前后各用超声波处理1h,VGCF的分散性较好；表面活性剂处理VGCF,明显提高了其在聚合物溶液中的分散效果.在PA6/甲酸溶液中加入VGCF后,纤维毡的力学性能增强,在纺丝液中VGCF质量分数为0.03％时,断裂强度达到最大值(14.68 MPa).随着VGCF/PA6纳米纤维含量的增加,复合材料的断裂强度先增大后减小,并在VGCF/PA6质量分数为7.39％时达到峰值(25.80 MPa).%The surface functionalization treatment of vapor grown carbon fiber ( VCCF) and its dispersion in polymer were studied. The VGCF/polyamide 6 ( PA6) nanofibrous mats with different contents of VGCF were prepared by electrospinning, and then VGCF/PA6 nanofibers reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composite was obtained by hot pressing. The results indicated that, VGCF treated with mixed acid presented a better dispersion in polymer solution when the VGCF solution was ultrasonically treated for 1 h before and after the addition of polymer. With surfactant treatment, the dispersion of the acid-treated VGCF in the polymer solution was obviously improved. With the addition of VGCF into the PA6/ formic acid spinning solution, the mechanical properties of the fiber mats were improved. When the mass fraction of VGCF in the spinning solution was 0. 03% , the breaking strength of VGCF/PA6 nanofibers reached the maximum value (14.68 Mpa). The breaking strength of composites increased at first and then decreased with increase of the content of VGCF/PA6 nanofibers in the composites, and the peak value (25. 80 Mpa) appeared as the mass fraction of VGCF/PA6 nanofibers reached 7. 39%.
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