为开发用于三维编织复合材料原位结构健康监测的碳纳米线传感器,建立了碳纳米线应变传感实验系统,通过纵向拉伸实验,分析了碳纳米线的力学性能(应力和应变)与电性能(初始电阻和应变灵敏系数)之间的关系,并对性能参数进行了Weibull统计分析,系统研究了碳纳米线的应变传感特性.结果表明:纵向拉伸负载期间,碳纳米线相对电阻变化与应变呈现良好的线性关系;碳纳米线具有与传统应变监测相当的应变灵敏系数,适合用于监测破坏极限应变远小于碳纳米线应变(碳纳米线的破坏应变均值为10.0%,最小值为2.5%)的复合材料的损伤,是复合材料结构健康监测传感器的良好候选材料.%In order to develop carbon nanoyarn sensors used in three-dimensional braided composites in-situ structural health monitoring,a carbon nanoyarn strain sensing experiment system was established. By the longitudinal tensile experiment,the correlation between the mechanical properties(stress and strain) and the electrical properties(initial resistance and strain sensitivity coefficiency)of carbon nanoyarns was investigated,and Weibull statistical analysis on performance parameters was conducted. The strain sensing characteristics of carbon nanoyarns were systematically studied. The results show that the relative resistance variation and the strain of carbon nanoyarns under longitudinal tensile load have a good linear correlation. Besides,carbon nanoyarns provide a strain sensitivity coefficiency equivalent to conventional strain monitoring,which is very suitable for monitoring composites whose failure strain limit is far less than the strain of carbon nanoyarns(carbon nanoyarns damage strain mean of 10.0% and the minimum value of 2.5%). Therefore,carbon nanoyarns become a good candidate material of sensors for composite structural health monitoring.
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