多轴向经编曲面复合材料汽车门低速碰撞数值模拟

摘要

In order to study the impact resistance of curved multi-axial warp-knitted composite automobile shells, the finite element analysis was adopted for the simulation analysis on the low-speed impact resistance of the car door of a passenger vehicle adopting the composite material.An SAPH440 steel car door was utilized as the comparative item. Stress distribution, penetration, penetration velocity and internal energy of the car doors were analyzed. The results show that compared with the SAPH440 steel car, the curved multi-axial warp-knitted composite car door shows smaller deformation but higher energy absorption, enhancing the protection on persons in the car to same extent. Furthermore, the composite material provides better safety and less weight.%为探究多轴向经编曲面复合材料汽车壳体的抗冲击性能,采用有限元方法对多轴向经编曲面复合材料乘用车车门的低速碰撞性能进行了模拟分析.通过对多轴向曲面复合材料车门与传统SAPH440钢车门进行建模、低速碰撞数值模拟,对比分析了二者在应力分布、车门侵入量、侵入速度和车门内能等多个角度的性能差异,并从保护车内成员安全和轻量化等方面进行探讨.研究表明:与传统钢材料车门相比,多轴向经编曲面复合材料车门在受到低速碰撞时变形更小,能量吸收性能更强,在一定程度上加强了对车内人员的保护;另外,该材料的应用使车身大幅减重,实现乘用车的轻量化.